The Swedish Civil Contingencies Agency (MSB), element of the Ministry of Defence of Sweden, determined faux news experiences targeting Sweden in 2016 that originated from Russia. Holan, Angie Drobnic (December 13, 2016). "2016 Lie of the Year: Fake news". Gobry, Pascal-Emmanuel (December 12, 2016). "The crushing anxiety guiding the media's bogus news hysteria". Byrne, Andrew. 2016. "Macedonia's fake information field sets sights on Europe".