Old English historian Richard Stanihurst (1547-1618) lamented that "When their posteritie turned not altogither so warie in retaining, as their ancestors ended up valiant in conquering, the Irish language was free dennized in the English Pale: this canker tooke such deep root, as the bodie that before was total and audio, was by little and small festered, and in manner wholly putrified". How about the language aspect?